How Can Illegal Immigrants Join the Army?
Illegal immigrants are currently unable to join the army. However, legal nonimmigrants who hold specialized skills have been invited to do so by the military under a program called MAVNI.
Immigration is a crucial issue for the military, which relies heavily on non-citizen recruits and has historically suffered from enlistee attrition, or dropping out of service before completing a tour of duty.
Illegal immigration
The United States Army and other military branches recruit many immigrants with language skills that are critical to national security, but not all of them have legal immigration status. This is why the Department of Defense is seeking to create a “path to citizenship” for undocumented immigrants who can qualify for military service and eventually apply for citizenship.
The Department of Homeland Security has a program called Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA, that allows certain immigrants to be protected from deportation while they are waiting to be approved for permanent resident status. The program, which is now closed to new applicants, also includes a background check.
While some unauthorized immigrants have been able to find jobs, many are not. The unemployment rate for unauthorized immigrants is nearly double that of citizens, and they are often paid below the minimum wage. They are also frequently subject to unfair labor practices such as wage theft, sabotage and intimidation.
Illegal immigration imposes costly strains on America’s public services by draining tax dollars, creating competition for essential jobs with workers who are not fully prepared and displaces Americans. The costs of illegal immigration are estimated to be over $45 billion annually.
These costs include the cost of providing services to immigrant children, emergency medical care and incarceration for immigrants arrested for crimes. In addition, some immigrant workers are eligible for benefits that they do not pay for. They are also often able to collect welfare payments using false identification documents.
As of October 2018, more than 1 million unauthorized immigrants have crossed the U.S.-Mexico border, the most in 15 years. They were mainly from Central America, where many were lured by human smugglers who offered them a chance at a better life in the United States.
In an effort to stem the flow of illegal immigrants and to prevent future surges, Customs and Border Protection is deploying more personnel at the border than ever before. In addition, CBP has recently resorted to releasing families into communities along the southwest border, where they can remain in the United States until a court date.
Military Accessions Vital to the National Interest (MAVNI)
Military Accessions Vital to the National Interest, or MAVNI, is a program that allows certain immigrants or non-citizens in the United States to enlist in the military and gain immediate eligibility for citizenship without first having to obtain lawful permanent residency. These individuals can also apply for expedited citizenship through the N-400 application, which is commonly known as the “Application for Naturalization.”
The program has been controversial because it provides a pathway to citizenship for immigrants who already live in the United States but are not citizens. These applicants can enlist in the military, complete basic training and become citizens immediately upon graduation from that training or commissioning as an officer.
However, MAVNI has come under fire because of concerns about the vetting process for these immigrants. The Army and the Department of Defense have been under pressure to improve the vetting of the program, but they are struggling with a backlog of background checks that can’t be completed within the time frame required for these applicants to start their basic training.
This has led to a number of people being stuck in limbo. In addition, it has put a number of these MAVNI candidates at risk of losing their legal status and being deported.
Some of these recruits have also been removed from the military, according to reports. These individuals are considered security risks and may have been influenced by foreign intelligence agencies.
In response to these security concerns, the Obama administration directed additional background checks for MAVNI applicants. These were supposed to be completed within one year of their enlistment date, but that was not always possible.
As a result, the MAVNI program effectively froze in October 2016, and since then, no new recruits have entered the program. The program’s founder, retired Lieutenant Colonel Margaret Stock, said that the security concerns are overstated and she does not believe that these individuals have ties to foreign intelligence agencies.
It is important that Congress takes steps to reinstate the MAVNI program and ensure that all service members who were able to enlist before the program’s suspension are allowed to begin their military service and become naturalized if eligible. This will help reverse the trend of decreasing immigrant enrollment in the United States armed forces, as well as ensure that those who have been unable to enlist because of MAVNI are still able to serve their country and secure expedited citizenship if they wish.
Undocumented immigrants
Since the Revolutionary War, immigrants have served in the United States armed forces and have been a vital part of our country’s history. Today, thousands of non-citizens enlist in the military each year.
These recruits have deep ties to their home countries, and many are familiar with the language of their own. They serve as a diverse force, bringing new cultures and perspectives to the service and helping the military remain true to its founding values.
Some of these recruits are legal residents who may qualify for a pathway to citizenship through military service, but many are undocumented. As a result, they may be prevented from accessing some of the benefits that are available to lawfully present immigrants, such as drivers’ licenses and health insurance.
The Trump administration’s recent announcement that it would no longer allow undocumented immigrants to join the military is a setback for those who have worked in the service for years, and will hurt recruiting efforts and hinder military readiness, according to advocates. Moreover, it may dissuade others from joining the military, as they could be at risk of deportation if their immigration status is in question.
In the past, the Department of Defense (DOD) facilitated immigration relief options for some immigrant service members and their family members under the Military Accessions Vital to the National Interest program (MAVNI). The policy was designed to encourage immigration by foreign-born individuals who hold certain skills, such as critical language or medical abilities.
But the program was suspended in 2017, causing some to lose their legal status and face the possibility of deportation. This has affected at least 250 people, including veterans who volunteered for the program.
As a result, some veterans and their families have been denied access to crucial services and benefits that they depend on. Some have even been placed in removal proceedings, putting them at risk of being deported.
To ensure that this does not happen again, DHS will work closely with the military and veterans community to review removal policies and practices and to ensure that all DHS policies and practices reflect our highest values of justice, integrity, and fairness. We will also create a robust interagency coordination effort and provide a comprehensive resource center for service members, veterans, and their immediate family members to access information about their rights and access to resources.
Military service
There are two main ways that an illegal immigrant can join the army: through voluntary service (volunteering) or through the involuntary draft (conscription). Volunteers typically serve one year upon reaching the age of eighteen. Some countries also have a mandatory conscription program that can last for up to eighteen months or more.
In some countries, such as Egypt, male citizens of certain age groups (typically between twenty and forty-one years old) must serve military service. The length of the service varies, and those who have recently completed a higher education or vocational training course may be able to delay their conscription.
The government selects men for military service through a lottery system. At a selection station, volunteers are asked to select their branch of service, and then draw a card from an opaque box. The resulting card shows the person’s induction date and the type of branch they are selected for.
Those who select a service branch that requires special skills or experience can stay in the army as a career, although they will usually be paid less than professional soldiers. After completing basic military service, they may be called up for a mandatory refresher exercise to ensure that their skills are still relevant.
Another option is to buy back military service credits. This can increase an employee’s seniority when Reductions in Force occur.
This is especially useful for federal employees who may be displaced due to budgetary restrictions, end-force numbers or other factors. This allows an employee to be more senior at the time of their SCD RIF date, a key consideration in many hiring and reemployment decisions.
For example, a government employee whose position is being eliminated may be given more seniority when buying military credit. This will allow them to be more competitive in the job search process, and to secure a new position at a higher pay grade.
Those who have served in the military have been found to have significant earnings gains when they return home. This is particularly true in occupations with high demand, such as health care and communications and intelligence. The degree to which these earnings gains transfer into the civilian labor market varies by occupation.